Ethernet based BAS Network Guidelines

Best practices and Process to Install an Ethernet Network for a Building Automation System

• Assess the System Needs: Determine the requirements of the building automation system (BAS), including the number of devices, Network type needed, data throughput, and network redundancy.
• Layout Design: Plan the physical layout of the network. Identify locations for controllers, switches, routers, and other network equipment.
• Documentation: Create detailed diagrams and documentation of the network design, including IP address schemes, cable routes, and equipment locations.

• Cabling: Use Cat6 or Cat6a cables for future-proofing and ensuring high data rates. Ensure all cables are of high quality and comply with industry standards.
• Network Devices: Select switches, routers, and other networking equipment that support the required data speeds, have adequate port capacity, offer network diagnostics and management capabilities.
• Power over Ethernet (PoE): Consider where you may need to use PoE switches to power devices like controllers, sensors, cameras, and access points to reduce the need for separate power supplies.

• Cable Management: Use cable management systems such as trays, conduits, or raceways to organize and protect cables. Label all cables for easy identification.
• Segmentation: Segment the network into different VLANs for various systems (e.g., HVAC, lighting, security) to improve security and performance.
• Physical Security: Secure network equipment in locked cabinets or rooms to prevent unauthorized access.

• IP Addressing: Assign static IP addresses to critical devices for reliability. Use DHCP for non-critical devices.
• Subnetting: Use appropriate subnetting to logically segment the network, enhancing performance and security.
• QoS (Quality of Service): Configure QoS to prioritize traffic for critical BAS applications.

• Connectivity Testing: Test all cable connections using a cable tester to ensure there are no faults. Verify end-to-end connectivity for all devices.
• Network Performance: Use network diagnostic tools to measure latency, throughput, and packet loss. Ensure performance meets the system requirements.
• Redundancy Testing: If applicable, test failover scenarios to ensure redundancy measures (such as dual-homing or backup links) are functioning correctly.

• Network Segmentation: Implement network segmentation to isolate different systems and minimize the impact of potential breaches.
• Access Control: Use strong authentication methods and access control lists (ACLs) to restrict access to network devices.
• Credentials: Never use default credentials
• Monitoring: Implement network monitoring tools to continuously monitor the network for any anomalies or security breaches.

• Regular Maintenance: Schedule regular maintenance checks to ensure all components are functioning correctly and to update firmware/software as necessary.
• Documentation Updates: Keep all network documentation updated with any changes made during installation or maintenance.
• Training: Train staff on network management and troubleshooting procedures to ensure quick resolution of any issues that arise.
  
  

Additional Considerations:

• Compliance: Ensure the installation complies with relevant industry standards and local regulations.
• Documentation: Record all Serial numbers, HOST IDs, MAC addresses and their locations to include with the AS BUILTS to help with Maintenance and future expansion or replacement.
• Future Expansion: Design the network with scalability in mind to accommodate future expansions or upgrades.
• Environmental Factors: Consider environmental factors such as temperature, humidity, and electromagnetic interference when installing network equipment.